发布时间:2022-11-03 10:21:40
谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别
总的来说,动词的时态、语态形式作谓语;-ing、–ed和to do是非谓语动词形式,不能作谓语。请看下边几组对比:
(第一组)
The girl is singing an English song. (现在进行时作谓语)
那个姑娘正在唱一首英语歌曲。
Who is the girl singing an English song? (非谓语动词做后置定语)
正在唱英语歌曲的那个姑娘是谁?
(第二组)
The boy is called Bell. (一般现在时的被动语态形式作谓语)
这个男孩叫贝尔。
This is the boy called Bell. (非谓语做后置定语)
这就是那个叫贝尔的男孩。
(第三组)
This activity is to be held next Friday. (一般现在时作谓语)
这个活动将于下周五举行。
We are eager for the activity to be held next Friday. (非谓语做后置定语)
我们渴望着下周五要举行的活动。
(第四组)
Mr. King has created over 50 paintings. (现在完成时作谓语)
金先生已经创作五十多幅画作了。
Created by Mr. King, the paintings sell well. (非谓语做原因状语)
骨康蝮蛇木瓜胶囊哪里有卖的因为是金先生创作的,所以这些画作很畅销。
【典型错误】
1. 有很多志愿者正在捡垃圾。
There are many volunteers are picking up rubbish. ( X )
(错误原因:一个句子里出现了are和are picking up两个谓语)
There are many volunteers picking up rubbish. (√)
(picking up是动词的非谓语形式作后置定语)
There are many volunteers who are picking up rubbish. (√)
2. 所有的程序都是吉姆一个人写的。
All the programs written by Jim alone. ( X )
(错误原因:这个句子里缺乏谓语;written是非谓语)
All the programs were written by Jim alone. (√)
3. 我的梦想就是成为一名老师。
My dream to be a teacher. ( X )
(错误原因:这个句子里缺乏谓语;to be a teacher是非谓语)
My dream is to be a teacher. (√)
4. 我认识一位叫做玛丽的女孩。
I know a girl is called Mary. ( X )
(错误原因:一个句子里出现了know和is called两个谓语)
I know a girl called Mary. (√)
(called Mary是动词的非谓语形式作后置定语)
I know a girl who is called 源升鸿鑫骨康蝮蛇木瓜胶囊 Mary. (√)
谓语动词与非谓语动词使用中的注意事项
1. 规则动词的过去式和过去分词长得一模一样,都是在动词原形后边加上-ed,从外观上无法区别,只能从分析它们在句子中的作用来判断。如:
Mary bought a new car. 玛丽买了一辆新车。(bought是过去式作谓语)
We have taken the new car bought by Mary.
我们乘坐了玛丽买的那辆新车。(bought by Mary是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰the new car)
2. 动词的过去式一定是作谓语的;而过去分词一定不能独立作为谓语,它是非谓语动词。请比较一下几组句子:
(第一组)
Andrew cleaned all the rooms. 安德鲁打扫了所有的房间。
(cleaned是过去式作谓语,表主动)
All the rooms were cleaned by Andrew. 所有的房间都是安德鲁打扫的。
(cleaned是过去分词作非谓语,与were一起作谓语,表被动)
(第二组)
We visited all the rooms cleaned by Andrew.
我们参观了所有被安德鲁打扫的房间。(cleaned是过去分词作后置定语,表被动,修饰all the rooms)
We visited all the rooms that were cleaned by Andrew.
(过去分词cleaned在定语从句中与were一起作谓语,表被动)
(第三组)
Cleaned by Andrew, all the rooms looked very tidy.
在安德鲁打扫过后,所有的房间看起来都非常的整洁。(cleaned by Andrew是过去分词短语,作为原因状语或时间状语,表被动)
When they were cleaned by Andrew, all the rooms looked very tidy.
骨康蝮蛇木瓜胶囊官网(cleaned是过去分词,在时间状语中和were一起作谓语,表被动)
(第四组)
We found all the rooms cleaned by Andrew.
我们发现所有的房间都被安德鲁打扫了。(cleaned是过去分词,作为宾语补足语,表被动)
We found (that) all the rooms were cleaned by Andrew.
(cleaned是过去分词,在宾语从句中和were一起作谓语,表被动)
3. done是非谓语动词形式,不能作谓语;be done是谓语形式,在句中作谓语。如:
The girl is called Alice. (is called作谓语)
The girl called Alice is from England. (called Alice作非谓语中的定语)
又骨康蝮蛇木瓜胶囊真伪 如:
The work was finished in a day. (was finished作谓语)
工作一天就被干完了。
Finished in a day, the work makes us happy. (Finished in a day作状语)
工作一天就被干完了,所以让我们很高兴。
4. “be + -ed/ adj. +介词”短语在句中作谓语;作非谓语时,要省略be。如:
The boy was lost in thought. (短语be lost in意为“陷入”,作谓语)
男孩陷入沉思之中。
The boy lost in thought was a little sad. (lost in thought作后置定语)
陷入沉思中的那个男孩有点悲伤。
Lost in thought, the boy didn’t notice his father coming.
(lost in thought作原因状语)
因为陷入沉思之中,所以男孩没有看到父亲的来临。
The boy sat at the desk, lost in thought. (lost in thought作伴随状语)
男孩坐在桌子旁边,陷入沉思之中。
I found the boy lost in thought. (lost in thought作宾语补足语)
我发现那个男孩陷入了沉思之中。
【小结】
1. done是非谓语;be done才是谓语 (be包括is/am/are/was/were/has been/have been/had been/will be/would be/should 骨康蝮蛇木瓜胶囊主要成份be/can be等)。
2. 只有动词的时态、语态形式才能作谓语。